'Greeley Armory' - Gun Shop in 1875 Greeley, CO.
Photo courtesy of; The Denver Public Library - Western History / Genealogy Department
(Copied from the; Library of Congress - 'American Memory' website)
After The Fact....
Following are historical references, after the adoption and ratification of the United States Constitution and Bill of Rights. Many of these references are directly from the Library of Congress-American Memory website. The references are either directly related to the our Second Amendment Right, and/or provide proof against the perverse justifications used for infringement(s). The references provide further evidence showing it has always been the intention that it is "the Right of the People to Keep and Bear Arms", and that this specific Right "Shall NOT be Infringed" :
DIGEST OF DECISIONS IN THE COURTS OF THE UNION, INVOLVING CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES. [Elliot's Debates, Volume 4.]
Militia Act of 1792, "That each and every free able-bodied white male citizen of the respective States", May 8, 1792
An Act more effectually to provide for the national Defence, by establishing an uniform Militia throughout the United States, "provide himself with a good musket or firelock", 1792
James Madison, “Property,” - "He has a property very dear to him in the safety and liberty of his person", March 29, 1792
George Washington to Edmund Randolph, "after they shall appear in arms", Aug. 26, 1792
Thomas Jefferson to Edmond C. Genet, "For by nature's law, man is at peace with man, till some aggression is committed", June 17, 1793
Letter from Thomas Jefferson to William Carmichael and William Short, June 30, 1793
THE ANAS (1818), By Thomas Jefferson, "two of her cannon were purchased here of citizens", July 8, 1793
Thomas Jefferson to Gouverneur Morris, "the laws do not admit that the bare commission of a crime amounts of itself to a divestment of the character of citizen", Aug. 16, 1793
George Washington Address to Congress, December 3, 1793
General orders. Headquarters, Boston, "To be prepared for War, is the most likely way to preserve our Peace. Inaction and confident security will ever invite the lawless invader.", March 1, 1794
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "that all freemen capable of bearing arms. . . for the common defense", March 24, 1794
At a Meeting, "that the people of the United States are the only supreme sovereign, the careful preservers, and saviours of their Rights", May 28, 1794
PROCLAMATION By President George Washington, "had been fired upon while in the execution of his duty, by a party of armed men", Aug. 7, 1794
The Papers of George Washington, "were obliged to sleep with their Arms by their bed Sides every night", Oct. 9, [1794]
George Washington to Henry Lee, "all who may be found in arms in opposition", Oct. 20, 1794
George Washington, Letter to John Jay; "that the arms they should take from them", Nov. 1 [--5], 1794
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "distinguished by being the army of the constitution", Nov. 19, 1794
“The Whiskey Rebellion” - The Works of Alexander Hamilton, "enforced by pistols presented at him", 1794-95
An ACT to regulate . . . when called into actual service, "there shall be allowed to each . . . for the use of his horse, arms and accoutrements", Jan. 2, 1795
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "respecting such persons as shall be assembled or embodied in arms", Feb. 28, 1795
An Act To regulate trade and intercourse, "a gun, or other article commonly used in hunting", Dec. 7, 1795
Hamilton to Washington; Report on Opposition to Internal Duties, "armed with guns and other weapons", 1795
An ACT For establishing Trading Houses, "shall purchase . . . a gun or other article commonly used in hunting . . . of the kind usually obtained by Indians, in their intercourse with white people", Feb. 26, 1796
George Washington to Congress, "to yield a surplus for the supply of our Citizens at large", Dec. 7, 1796
Journal of the Senate, V.P. John Adams, "to defend the rights, liberties, and properties of the people", Feb. 15, 1797
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...only for the maintenance of order and justice, and the preservation of liberty...", May 16, 1797
Journal of the Senate, Thomas Jefferson, May 23, 1797
General orders, "Self-defence is the first law of nature, and applies to nations as well as individuals", June 13th, 1797
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, [Massachusetts has been at it a LONG time....], March 30, 1798
General Orders, "and it is the duty of every Citizen enrolled, capable of providing himself, and who is not already so armed, to procure such Arms without delay", May 1, 1798
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...we pledge ourselves, to appear armed...", May 15, 1798
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "that a militia is the only natural and proper defence of a free country", May 25, 1798
The Alien and Sedition Acts, July, 1798
Legislature Of Kentucky, House of Representatives, Nov. 7, 1798
Kentucky Resolution By Thomas Jefferson, November 16, 1798
Virginia Resolutions, By James Madison, Dec. 21, 1798
George Washington, letter to Patrick Henry, Jan. 15, 1799
EXTRACTS FROM THE ADDRESS TO THE PEOPLE, Jan. 23, 1799
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, Dec. 9, 1799
A CHARGE to the GRAND JURIES, "Thus the will of individuals is still left free; the abuse only of that free will is the subject of legal punishment", 1799
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "Our fellow citizens were undoubtedly prepared to meet every event", Nov. 27, 1800
Madison's Report on the Virginia Resolutions, House of Delegates, Session of 1799--1800
Louisiana Treaty Debate, House of Representatives, Oct. 25, 1803
The Pistol Waving Judge, Georgia Republican Extra, 25th April 1804
The Debates in the Several State Conventions, 14. STATE OF VERMONT, Sept. 25, 1804
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "have taken on themselves to arm merchant vessels", Nov. 8, 1804
Thomas Jefferson to Congress, "Resolved, that no armed men, not being citizens of the United States", Dec. 6, 1805
Epitome of all the Acts of the General Assembly of Virginia Dec. 1805
History of the Rise, Progress, and Termination of the American Revolution, Vol. 1 - Chapter V, "if they should be obliged to take up arms in defence of their rights", 1805
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...a great number of private individuals were combining together, arming...", Dec. 2, 1806
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "except such of them as may choose to furnish their own arms", Dec. 24, 1806
The Constitution gone!!, "and renders the citizen liable to be deprived of his arms and his money", [1806]
Thomas Jefferson to William H. Cabell, "where no private right stands in the way", Aug. 11, 1807
To the freeholders of Louisa County, March 3, 1808
Freemen and Soldiers of Kentucky, "arm and equip yourselves. Let not too great a partiality for any particular weapon prevail--all are alike useful in the hands of the brave--all are useless in those of the coward.", Nov. 17, 1808
General statement, HOW PRISONS USED TO BE RUN - PROFITABLY, Dec. 1st, 1808
YORK PATRIOTISM, In the true Spirit of Seventy-Six Feb. 23, 1809
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...the other salutary provisions in behalf of private and personal rights...", March 4, 1809
SEDITION! TREASON! LEGISLATURE OF MASSACHUSETTS. 1809
Thomas Jefferson, letter to Antoine Louis Claude Destutt de Tracy, "of every man in it able to bear arms", Jan. 26, 1811
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...we have not only inherited that liberty which our fathers gave us, but also the will and power to maintain it...", June 25, 1812
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, November 4, 1812
GENERAL ORDERS, "The Cavalry will provide themselves with pistols and sabres; the Infantry with rifles", Nov. 24, 1812
Journal of the Senate of the United States, Address of V.P. Elbridge Gerry, May 24, 1813
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...With all good citizens, the justice and necessity of resisting wrongs and usurpations...", Dec. 7, 1813
Report of the Hartford Convention, "those means of defence which are indispensable to self-preservation", Jan. 4th, 1814
Sorry, Bloomberg....Meeting of Citizens in the Park, Aug. 10, 1814
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS, "But being ready and determined to defend themselves", Oct. 12, 1814
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "often checked and chastised by the martial spirit of the neighboring citizens", Sept. 20, 1814
An Inquiry into the Principles and Policy of the Government of the United States; Section the Third: the Evil Moral Principles of the Government of the United States - "Arms can only be controlled by arms", By John Taylor, 1814
An Inquiry into the Principles and Policy of the Government of the United States; Section the Sixth: the Good Moral Principles of the Government of the United States - "these hereditary representatives invariably disarm the people", By John Taylor, 1814
State of Louisiana, "whose age and infirmities exempted them from militia duty, formed military associations and arraying themselves in armour, became responsible for the internal tranquility of the state", Jan. 26, 1815
Thomas Jefferson to William H. Crawford, "their skill in the fire-arm, and deadly aim, give them great advantages over regulars", Feb. 11, 1815
A Proclamation By The President of the United States of America, "citizens of the United States . . . they are collecting arms, military stores, provisions", Sept. 1, 1815
U.S. House of Representatives, "The treaty-making power has many and powerful limits; . . . that it cannot destroy the Constitution, or personal liberty", Jan. 8, 1816
Thomas Jefferson to Francis W. Gilmer, "...their true office is to declare and enforce only our natural rights and duties, and to take none of them from us...", June 7, 1816
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...the security of persons and property...", December 3, 1816
To the Senators and Representatives of the United States of America, "but the sons of men call on you for natural rights", Jan. 30, 1817
Inauguration Of President James Monroe, "to be prepared for any emergency", March 4, 1817
William Thornton to Thomas Jefferson, "shooting with Pistols, rifles, Cannons", May 27, 1817
FIRST DIVISION MASSACHUSETTS MILITIA, "Every individual must know his own duty". [The meaning of "Well-Regulated Militia"], Aug. 10, 1818
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, November 17, 1818
The Works of Jeremy Bentham, "for, in that country the people are all armed: armed, at all times", Oct. 20, 1820
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...It is prohibited by the laws of nature*, which are equally binding on governments and individuals...", Dec. 9, 1820
State of New-Jersey, "and shall moreover forfeit the gun or arms", 1822(?)
Journal of the Senate, "to defend the rights with which they are blessed", Dec. 3, 1822
Thomas Jefferson to Major John Cartwright, "that it is their right and duty to be at all times armed", June 5, 1824
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...standing in perpetual panoply of defence...", Dec. 6, 1825
Southern Excitement, "we can only say, with the Spartans, when THEIR ARMS were demanded, come and take them", [1825]
Thomas Jefferson to Henry Lee, "the rush to arms, and to the protection of their country", May 15, 1826
PORT REGULATIONS, "Masters of Vessels as well as others therein concerned", Jan. 24, 1827
Weighty Consideratons, "COME, LET US REASON TOGETHER", July, 1828
A PROCLAMATION, Mayor's Office, Washington, Dec. 23, 1828
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...but a million of armed freemen, possessed of the means of war, can never be conquered", March 4, 1829
State Rights.--Foote's Resolutions. Senate, January, 1830.
Mr. Hayne's Reply to Mr. Webster, Senate, January 27, 1830
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "High Court Of Impeachment", May 4, 1830
To the Citizens of Nashville, "attempted to fire a pistol", Nov. 16, 1830
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "armed with pistols", April 18, 1832
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "officers and privates shall arm and equip themselves", June 14, 1832
Speech by J. R. POINSETT, "We have the right to appeal from the violated obligations of the compact to the rights of nature, and the laws of self preservation", Oct. 6, 1832
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "History offers too many lessons of the fatal result of such a measure....", Dec. 4, 1832
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "the rights reserved...to the people, may be more distinctly defined", Jan. 9, 1833
"Long and Intolerable Oppression", President Andrew Jackson, Jan. 16, 1833
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, January 28, 1833
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "the natural right of self-defence remains", Feb. 4, 1833
Arsenal in Missiouri, "Means of Self-Defense within their reach", Feb. 12, 1833
James Madison to Daniel Webster, “The Revolutionary Rights of the People”, Mar. 15, 1833
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...doth not relinquish, nor intend to relinquish, any right or interest...", Dec. 5, 1833
PRESIDENT JACKSON'S PROCLAMATION, "on the indefeasible right of resisting acts which are plainly unconstitutional, and too oppressive to be endured", Dec. 10, 1833
"Every citizen is, from the nature of our social organization, a part of the public defence", 1833
To the public, "I proposed tying you together and placing the muzzles of your pistols at each others breasts...", [Louisville 1833]
Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court TANEY, "There can be no compromise between the antagonist principles. Yield but an inch. and you will be driven to the wall", Aug. 6, 1834
Speech of Gerrit Smith, "God gave us the freedom for which we contend--that it is not a freedom bestowed by man;--not an ex gratia freedom", Oct. 22, 1835
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...to put arms into the hands of the people...", Dec. 8, 1835
Journal of the House of Representatives, "women, children and men unable to bear arms.", Jan. 30, 1836
American State Papers, "All have been compelled to forego every other consideration, and take up arms for the defense of their own and the lives that are dear to them...", Feb. 2, 1836
MR. CALHOUN'S REPORT, Senate, February 4, 1836
President Jackson to U.S. Senate, "it must be known that we are at all times ready for war", Feb. 22, 1836
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "To take from the people the right of bearing arms, and put their weapons of defence in the hands of a standing army...", December 6, 1836
Application of Wisconsin, "arms to be deposited within the territory for the use of the citizens", Jan. 23, 1837
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...the rights of our citizens are every where respected...", Dec. 4, 1838
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...to the said people guarantied and consecrated forever...", Jan. 7, 1839
Journal of the Senate, "if the means for defending their rights are to be made dependant upon those who may have the most powerful of motives to impair them", Dec. 24, 1839
Address To The Citizens, "has rights from his very nature, not the gifts of society, but of God; they are not surrendered on entering the social state; they must not be taken away under the plea of the public good", Jan. 1840
Senate, April 10, - House, "natural and reserved rights of self defence and self-protection--rights which constitutions can neither give nor take away", April 15, 1840
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "the great principle of unalienable rights", March 4, 1841
Journal of the Senate, "...as well as the rights of the country, would be fully protected...", March 3, 1842
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "that they should be armed, so as to be ready to repel any attack", May 11, 1842
Journal of the House of the United States, "praying Congress to pass such a law in regard to duties on imports as will give adequate protection to the manufacture of . . . fire-arms, and all other articles essential to the comfort of our people", May 19, 1842
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "leaving the private citizen in the full exercise of the high and ennobling attributes of his nature", Dec. 3, 1844
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "by personally interfering with arms", Jan. 2, 1845
Journal of the executive proceedings of the Senate, "that the rights of all are entitled to respect and regard", March 4, 1845
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...and are ever ready to defend the soil...", Dec. 2, 1845
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...in plain derogation of the rights, privileges, and immunities secured to citizens of every State by the constitution and laws of the United States...", Dec. 15, 1845
Journal of the House of Representatives, "To guard against the assumption of all powers which encroach...", Aug. 3, 1846
S.- No. 1. Revision. State of New Jersey. An act for the preservation of deer, and other game, and to prevent trespassing with guns. [1846?]
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...to the country whose dominion belongs alone to the people....", Dec. 7, 1847
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...composed of free citizens, who are ever ready to take up arms...", July 6, 1848
Message from President James K. Polk, Senate Journal, December 5, 1848
A Plan for the Abolition of Slavery, "to sell them fire-arms, and teach them the use of them", [184?]
TEXAS MEETING IN NASHVILLE, "nothing could be more shocking than to be deprived of their arms", 184(?)
Trust sale at Front Royal, on Saturday the 27th of Dec. 1851
Democratic Political Economy, "Necessity being provided for, then comes the natural division--Society and Government, both of which are subordinate to nature's first law", [c. 1852]
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...upheld by a broad and intelligent comprehension of rights, and an all-pervading purpose to maintain them...", March, 4, 1853
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "The power will have been deliberately assumed...", May 3, 1854
To The Public, "from whose person a pistol fell in open court", Feb. 22, 1855
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, , "...to maintain, against all enemies, whether at home or abroad, the sanctity of the constitution...", Dec. 31, 1855
Information for the people, (Very disturbing), 1856
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...to answer to the charge of manslaughter...", May 15, 1856
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "And the people of said Territory shall be entitled to the right to keep and bear arms...",June 28, 1856
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...nor shall the rights of the people to keep and bear arms be infringed...", July 8, 1856
National Politics, Speech of Rep. P.S. Brooks, July 14, 1856
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "to protect their lives and their property from bands of armed marauders", July 25, 1856
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "and to prevent armed men from going into the said Territory to disturb the public peace", Aug. 7, 1856
Speech At the Kansas Relief Meeting By Ralph Waldo Emerson, "Every man throughout the country was armed with knife and revolver . . . and perfect peace reigned", Sept. 10, 1856
President Franklin Pierce, to U.S. Senate, "the Constitution . . . the safeguard of the rights of all", Dec. 2, 1856
An Address TO THE CITIZENS, "I would defend my life, assured of its danger, and that of my family and friends", July 30, 1857
Quartermaster's Department, "to furnish the means of protection and defence to all who may be destitute of them", Oct. 19, 1857
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, “...the first rebellion which has existed in our Territories...”, Dec. 8, 1857
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...had it not been protected...", Feb. 2, 1858
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...is an inherent and sacred right; one that ought to be inviolate...", May 5, 1858
The Dividing Line..., Popular Sovereignty, By Stephen A. Douglas, Sept. 1859
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "seizure of the armory and arsenal of the United States at Harper's Ferry, in Virginia, by a band of armed men", Dec. 5, 1859
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "by a mob or body of armed men", Dec. 14, 1859
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "Neither Congress, nor a territorial legislature, nor any human power, has any authority to annul or impair this vested right.", Dec. 19, 1859
An Appeal To The People, "They then took into their possession two rifles and a bowie knife, which I had there in the room", [1859(?)]
New "Democratic" Doctrine, "Slavery not to be confined...but to be made the universal...", 185(?)
Knights of the Golden Circle, "Those having arms, or other material, to contribute", May 7--11th, 1860
President James Buchanan to the U.S. House of Representative, "The right of resistance on the part of the governed against the oppression of their governments cannot be denied", Dec. 3, 1860
"Self-preservation is the first law of nature"/The Crittenden Compromise, Dec.4/18, 1860
The Governor of the State, To the People of South Carolina, "let the men stand with their arms in their hands . . . He is only safe who is armed", [1860-61(?)]
Journal of the Senate, 'Prelude to War', January 28, 1861
Office OF BRUFF, BROTHER & SEAVER, "and respectfully solicit orders from cash or prompt-paying customers . . . BRUFF'S STEEL BARREL DERINGER PISTOLS", Feb. 1, 1861
A Countryman, "All are armed, but no man so vile that he does not feel the awful curse that will fall upon him who first takes a brother's life", Feb. 4, 1861
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "the people will have ceased to be their own rulers", March 4, 1861
Memorandum, "and direct all their side to have all their arms in readiness", April 11, 1861
Transcript Extra!, "He was unable to get a revolver in Baltimore, the stores having been emptied of arms", April 22, 1861
Hamilton R. Gamble and James E. Yeatman to Abraham Lincoln,"The restoration of the arms and other property to which the government has no right", May 15, 1861
A Sermon on the War, By The Rev. Elias Nason, Preached to the Soldiers at Exeter, N. H., May 19. 1861
Charles A. Wickliffe, et al. to Abraham Lincoln, "The possession of these arms by them", May 28, 1861
John C. Hamilton to Abraham Lincoln, "they have it by the law of nature", June 06, 1861
William G. Brownlow to W. R. Hurley, "that men were pouring in from the surroundings with guns, and swearing that the troops should leave", June 28, 1861
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "and delivering arms and munitions of war to the loyal citizens", July 23, 27 & 31, 1861
James Miller to William H. Seward, "while rebels taken in arms are permitted to go on their parole of honor in some instances having their side arms restored", Aug. 01, 1861
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, Summer 1861
Riflemen, Attention! "Recruits having Rifles to which they are accustomed...", Sept. 16, 1861
"It is known that the rebel army is largely supplied with clothing, arms, saddles, and even food and ammunition, by forced and voluntary contributions from the deluded people of the South.", Sept. 30, 1861
To the people of Virginia, "Let all her men and all her youths procure for themselves the most effective arms...", [1861]
Alexandria Virginia Episcopalians to Abraham Lincoln, "one of them drawing his revolver; another revolver was presented to an old and venerated citizen", Feb. 09, 1862
NEW ORLEANS, Tho. Q. Moore - Governor, Feb. 14, 1862
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "the paramount and supreme law of self-defence", Feb. 20, 1862
Richard M. Corwine to Edwin M. Stanton, "The people were willing to constitute the force . . . (already having arms)", June 09, 1862
Oliver P. Morton to Edwin M. Stanton, "10.000 stand of good arms be furnished as early as possible for the use of our loyal citizens", June 25, 1862
James Mitchell to Abraham Lincoln, "his ability to defend himself is a necessary conviction to general and succesfull emigration", July 1, 1862
The Blue pill, "the borrower is the servant of the lender", July 14, 1862
To The Country, "Let every friend of the Union throughout the country immediately arm himself, and be ready for action, at home or in the field", Sept. 9, 1862
New Englander and Yale Review, State Rights, Oct. 1862
John Cochrane to Abraham Lincoln, "They think they have conquered a peace at the ballot box and if they find it necessary . . . they will resort to arms in one form or another", Nov. 5, 1862
Thaddeus Williams to Abraham Lincoln, "Every man will become an Avenger, & from the unerring rifles of the backwoodsmen there will be no "city of refuge"", Nov. 22, 1862
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "(Well THIS helps to explain a LOT...)", Dec. 1, 1862
William M. McPherson to Abraham Lincoln, "a majority of the people are loyal they have been robbed of all their arms", Dec. 25, 1862
TO THE PEOPLE OF LOUISIANA, "all the arms in the State, not absolutely indispensable for protection at home", New Orleans, 1862
John A. McClernand to Abraham Lincoln, "Something must be done to take the hand of oppression off citizens soldiers, whose zeal for their country, has prompted them to take up arms, or all will be lost", Jan. 16, 1863
Return J. Meigs to Horace Maynard, "and other rights in subordination to the Constitution ought to have extended to them the means of doing so immediately", Jan. 21, 1863
Daniel F. Coffey to John G. Nicolay, "well armed and have Resolved to resist the Government", Feb. 8, 1863
John A. McClernand to Richard Yates, "loyal citizens should immediately prepare to crush it. Let the Home Guards be immediately organized and armed", Feb. 16, 1863
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "...to guard the hopes and cherish the rights of mankind...", March 3, 1863
Gov. Stephen S. Harding to William H. Seward, "each man as he ran held his loaded gun . . . the "scene" called together at least a thousand armed men", March 11, 1863
Henry B. Carrington to Abraham Lincoln and Edwin M. Stanton, "every man in many counties is armed to the teeth", March 19, 1863
Robert Smith to Elihu B. Washburne, "Arms, I am informed are being procured in large quantities", March 29, 1863
Matthew Birchard, et al. to Abraham Lincoln, "the other provisions are guaranties of personal rights, the suspension of which puts an end to all pretence of free goverment", July 01, 1863
John M. Read to Abraham Lincoln, "Purchases of fire arms have been made there by suspicious people", July 16 1863
Horatio Seymour to Abraham Lincoln, Aug. 03, 1863
Robert Dale Owen to Abraham Lincoln, "Yes, arm him! It will do him worlds of good. He will know then that he has rights, and dare maintain them", Aug. 05, 1863
John M. Schofield to Edward D. Townsend, "armed men, not in the military service", Sept. 14, 1863
John M. Schofield to Edward D. Townsend, "He proposed to tender to the District Commander the services of all the armed citizens of Kansas to aid in executing this policy", Sept. 22, 1863
Ambrose E. Burnside to Abraham Lincoln, "until the citizens can be armed", Sept. 23 1863
Benjamin F. Loan to Abraham Lincoln, "some three hundred additional guns with which to arm the citizens", Oct. 03, 1863
North American Review, The Trial of the Constitution By Sidney George Fisher, Oct. 1863
William M. McPherson to Montgomery Blair, "a large majority of the people . . . had been deprived of their arms", Dec. 10, 1863
Major General Nathaniel P. Banks, to Abraham Lincoln, "If he gains freedom, education, the right to bear arms", Dec. 30, 1863
Lieut. Gov. Dunn To Hon. Horace Greeley, "the power that our superior numbers gave us by arming for self-protection", 1863
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "in violation of the constitutional guarantee to the citizen of his right to keep and bear arms", January 5, 1864
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...the chief objects being to secure to the citizen his right to personal liberty...", Jan. 7, 1864
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, February 8, 1864
John A. Andrew to Abraham Lincoln, "could earn wages and help support that Government by their labor and by their arms", Feb. 12, 1864
Exhibition of Arms and Trophies, "By obtaining arms and trophies of war from States, corporations, and individuals", March 28, 1864
Egbert B. Brown to Oliver D. Greene, "being held by our six thousand armed citizen guards", July 20, 1864
James O. Broadhead to Edward Bates, "the loyal & peaceful citizens ought to have had arms", July 24, 1864
THE PLATFORMS, The Democratic national convention, Aug. 29, 1864
Obadiah H. Platt to Abraham Lincoln, "They had arms, and were able to furnish arms to their friends", Aug. 31, 1864
John Carroll Walsh and Hugh Simms to Abraham Lincoln, "one portion of the citizens of which had been deprived of their arms", Sept. 13, 1864
Bradford Argus, "by thousands came rushing forward, some of them armed", Sept. 30, 1864
Nathaniel G. Taylor to Abraham Lincoln, "The people . . . Unswervingly Loyal all the time -- though disarmed by organized power", Oct. 27, 1864
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A PROCLAMATION. Nov. 19, 1864
Montgomery Blair to Abraham Lincoln, "When citizens of the same State are in arms against each other", Dec. 06, 1864
Isaac Murphy to Abraham Lincoln, "We have been deprived of the means of protecting ourselves", Dec. 14, 1864
To The Gold Mines, "and should consist of . . . guns and ammunition", April 18, 1865
The North-Western Sanitary Commission And Soldier's Home Fair, "rely upon all their fellow-citizens throughout the country . . . Contributions, of every sort and kind, will be received . . . Guns and Firearms", [April(?)] 1865
Speech Of Richard H. Dana, Jr., "First, the right to bear arms, fortunately, does not depend upon the decision of any State", June 21, 1865
The two platforms - Union and Democratic, Aug. 30, 1865
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...and rests on the great distinguishing principle of the recognition of the rights of man...", Dec. 5, 1865
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "arms and the necessary ammunition, to be used by the citizens of said Territory who may organize for defence", Jan. 26, 1866
Speech of Hon. A.P. Dostie, "which refuses freemen the right to hold public meetings, to preach, or to carry arms", Jan. 27, 1866
New Englander and Yale Review, Government in the United States, Jan. 1866
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "including the constitutional right of bearing arms" February 19, 1866
Journal of the Senate, "An act to protect all persons in the United States in their civil rights, and furnish the means of their vindication", March 27, 1866
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "in the enjoyment of their constitutional rights", June 25, 1866
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...Despotism would thus reign at the seat of government of a free republic...", Jan. 7, 1867
To the Governors of the Loyal States Jan. 26, 1867
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "The remedy must come from the people themselves", July 19, 1867
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "to all their just rights as freedmen", Dec. 3, 1867
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, “to arm themselves and prepare for the shedding of blood.”, March 4, 1868
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, "...which can never be made too secure against illegal encroachments...", March 25, 1868
The Lesson Not Learned, "and permit him to be armed for his own defence and for the defence of his country", March 25, 1868
Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, "the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed", Dec. 9, 1868
LETTER OF GOVERNOR WARMOTH, OF LOUISIANA, TO SENATOR KELLOGG,"the whole force would not be sufficient to withstand the onslaught of the armed citizens", Dec. 20, 1868
The Workingman's Cart, By Horatio Seymour, 1870(?)
Littell's Living Age, No. 1406, 'The American Republic It's Strength And Weakness', May 13, 1871
Journals; U.S. Senate 4/5/1871, 12/04/1871, and President Grant to U.S. House of Representatives - "...to deprive colored citizens of the right to bear arms...", 4/19/1872
Synopsis of a Portion of the Testimony Taken by the Congressional Investigating Committee, "all armed with double-barreled shot-guns", [1872]
The Coushatta Times, "had presented as many double-barrel shot-guns in their faces", Sept. 5, 1874
Journal of the Senate of the United States, "large quantities of arms and ammunition were imported and distributed to these organizations", Dec. 7, 1874
Will the American people never cease to oppress and torture...? Peterboro, Dec. 12, 1874
Journal of the Senate of the United States, "That it is the duty of the Federal courts to enforce the provisions of the Constitution of the United States", Jan. 13, 1875
To the Governors of the Loyal States, "Let every Union man provide himself with fire arms, and with at least one hundred rounds of ammunition", Jan. 26, 1876
To the People of the United States, "Rifle Clubs", Oct. 1876
North American Review, 'The Government Of The United States' By Horatio Seymour, Nov.-Dec. 1878
The Library of Congress; American Memory, "...1,400 second-hand six-shooters for sale. Also 1,100 double-barrel shot guns and 1,000 winchester rifles! . . . it is necessary that all parties should go well armed", May? 1879
Price List of Guns, Pistols, &c., St. Louis, MO., 187(?)
'Our National Guard', By Colonel H.M. Boics, May, 1880
Cyclopaedia of Political Science - Protection, By John Joseph Lalor, "hence the maxim that "self-preservation is the first law of nature."", 1881
The North American review, 'An Unconstitutional Militia', By Charles E. Lydecker, June 1882
Campaign Of 1884, Suggestive. Read and Reflect, (what irony).
The Alarm, 'The Right To Bear Arms', Jan. 9, 1885
'Documentary Proof of Self-Defense' By Bill Nye, Nov 1886
Plain Facts Of History - Colonel O.J. Hodge; "The Democratic Party Is a Dead One", 08/22/1908
The Influence of America, By John Emerich Edward Dalberg, Lord Acton, "rather than against any suffering under its enactment, that they took up arms", 1910
$3,500 Reward Offered, "They are all heavily armed", March 14th, 1912
"Progessive" Jingoism, The Boston Herald, June 18, 1913
Human Nature and the War System, "the great fundamental underlying passions and springs of action in men are the same today as they were when Cain slew Abel", [1914]
Uncle Sam "Padlocked", "for the purchase of machine guns and other munitions", Aug. 1, 1931
The Battle of Athens, Tennessee, August 1-2, 1946
Hypocrisy in Action...U.S. Treaties
Second Amendment Speech in U.S. Senate, by Senator Larry Craig (R-Idaho), June 16, 2000
Nine Myths of Gun Control, (As Posted at Free Republic on 09/02/2000).
The Founders Intended for the Bill of Rights to Apply to the States, by Brian Puckett, Last edited Sept. 10, 2001
“Negroes With Guns”, By Dr. Michael S. Brown, Dec. 28, 2001
NRA Supported the National Firearms Act of 1934, by Angel Shamaya, March 29, 2002
Whether the Second Amendment Secures an Individual Right - Memorandum Opinion for the [U.S.] Attorney General, Aug. 24, 2004
JPFO's Vs. NRA's stance on our Right, Nov. 20th, 2006
"The Right to Self Defense"
"Armed Merchant Vessels" - A Perverse Precedence Applied
"Omnia mala exempla exbonis orta sunt: sed ubiimperium ad ignaros out minus bonos pervinit, novum illud exemplum ab dignis et idoneis ad indignos et non idoneos fertur."
(All bad examples are derived from good ones; but when power comes to the ignorant or the less good, the new example is transferred from the worthy and fit to the unworthy and unfit.)
Also See:
Right to Keep and Bear Arms -
Origins
&
Precedent
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